Venezia header: Piazza San Marco - Riva degli Schiavoni

ARLECHIN BATOCIO

(Batocio = Bell's Clapper, Slapstick)

The "Batocio" is known for being Harlequin's short wooden club. Kind of tool for carrying out his work as a Zanni (from which Harlequin originates, in Bergamo).

The Zanni were known as "facchini" (porters) people doing a very heavy menial job, lower level in the social scale.

The batocio in Harlequin's hands becomes a stage prop, something that may be used in different ways, from mixing up the polenta, as a knife or a spoon, the rare times he is actually eating (or dreaming of).

Sometimes the batocio becomes a sword or a bat, for hitting other characters, fighting with the Zanni, for instance, using it as a club or a dagger.

The stage batocio was made of two strips of wood, and used as a slapstick, a special effects prop, after all, being able to convey to the public the blows which were given around and to give action and exaggeration to the scene it was used in.

There are two versions of the original use of the batocio:

  • musical instrument, of the family of the idiophones - as the bell is - a percussive instrument with only one note.
  • the stick that is used to mix the polenta.

I would tend to accept the first one, though.

This is how Harlequin once introduced himself in a play:

"Mi son Arlechin Batocio
orbo de na recia e sordo da un ocio."

"I am Arlechin Batocio
blind in one ear and deaf in one eye."

 

Engraving by Giuseppe-Maria Mitelli - Harlequin
Giuseppe-Maria Mitelli - Harlequin - Engraving (1678)
Detail of he "batocio" in an engraving of the 17th century.
The "batocio" in an engraving of the 17th century.
Notice how it is in reality two wooden sticks held together by the handle.
The first slapstick, probably.

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